Bahia is not one of the very largest states in Brazil but it’s certainly pretty big. The exact size is something over half a million square Kilometres which makes it about twice the area of the United Kingdom or about the same as France. The population of fourteen million however is much less than either (and is only about double the size of London). Of these, about 2.5 million live in the Salvador area of the State capital. Other important cities in the State are Feira de Santana (600,000 people), Vitoria da Conquista (300,000) and Camaçari ( 250,000)
The state is on the Atlantic coast of Brazil. As mentioned above, its capital is the city of Salvador, also on the coast, where the Atlantic meets the Bay of All Saints (in Portuguese; ‘Bahia de Todos os Santos’) which of course is where the name of the whole state originates. By the way, the site of the city was first glimpsed by exploring sailors from Europe in the year 1501. The state is geographically divided into two main regions by the north-south mountain range known as Chapada Diamantina. Nowadays the eastern coastal areas of the state are much more developed than the interior.
There are several reasons for this. For a start, the natural vegetation of much of the Atlantic seaboard is coastal forest, one of the largest remaining such parts of Brazil. The land is comparatively very fertile. Consequently in cleared areas the main crops of sugar and tobacco have always done well in the plentiful rainfall although these products are rather less important than they once were. These days soybean growing is a really large part of cultivation.. Similarly, Bahia is now (and has been for some time) the country’s largest producer and exporter of cacao, often known as cocoa and of course the basic ingredient of chocolate. But agriculture these days only accounts for about ten per cent of Bahia State’s GDP. Roughly speaking the industrial component comprises around 50% and the service sector 40%.
Industries are diverse and tend to focus on petrochemical and metallurgical products. An increasing part of this is the automotive industry. Other developing concerns in the economic mix are textiles, clothing and footwear as well as cosmetics and food processing. In the new 21st century Bahia is generally regarded as doing better economically than many other parts of Brazil. As a result of this, many administrators believe that inward immigration from other parts of Brazil will soon increase drastically.
